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The Kiwi

regions:

The kiwi is native to the Yangtze Valley in China. Today it is cultivated in many subtropical countries and in areas with a temperate climate. Farmers in New Zealand is due to the fact that the 'Chinese gooseberry' is now known as the kiwi, as they have renamed the fruit for marketing reasons, after the bird native to New Zealand (Kiwi). Even today is a significant part of the European market next Fruit from New Zealand.

Growth:

This is an up to 10 m high twining climber. The new shoots are hairy red. The slightly hairy, alternate leaves are oval, heart-shaped, round or ovoid and up to 15cm wide. The five-fold and up to 5cm wide flowers grow from the leaf axils and are white to yellowish. The Kiwi is dioecious, that is, a plant are either male or female flowers. An adult kiwi can get quite large and must be vigorously by Pruning to be kept in check.

Female flower

Male flower

location:

summer

As a container plant: The safest, but also a very expensive, option is to keep the Kiwi in a bucket. This is delivered in the summer to a warm and sunny place. A disadvantage of the consumer in the bucket is the expensive transport of summer to winter quarters. Also, it needs to develop a sophisticated construction on which to wind up the Kiwi. This may not be all too great, since they must be transportable. The Kiwi, the bucket is placed into the open mid-May and remains there until the first frosts in autumn. In Greenhouse: The greenhouse needs the Kiwi relatively much space and can quickly provide too much shade. It is also relatively susceptible to red spider mite. In the field: like most of it planted in the garden, kiwi. Choose a sheltered spot. In large plantations are between the boxes again and again high Hedges provided as a windbreak. They protect against damage to the vines and fruit. On plantations, the Kiwis are set in rows. Between the rows usually a distance is maintained from about 5 meters. As a trellis is used mostly in T-shaped pillars, which are connected by wires.

Winter

As a container plant: enough during winter, a frost-free and cool room, basement or garage. It can then be completely dark, because the leaves are discarded anyway. In the field: In the Alps it is in most cases too cold. The chance that the kiwi are several Winter survived, are rather low. From USDA zone 7, but there are no problems anymore.

For Kiwis often can be very good yields. The fruit can then at 4 ° C for up to six months storage.

cultivation / propagation:

Considering the kiwi from the seeds of the fruit, you can do in 2 ways. Either you spooning out the seeds and pick off every single seed from the pulp or you put your herausgelöffelte for a few days in warm water, dissolve with time where the seeds from the flesh. In both cases, they are seeded in a vessel with torfhältiger standard soil and pressed lightly. Do not cover with soil! If you use a mini greenhouse, cover the jar with a plastic wrap to prevent drying out of the earth. You will not need watering and ensure that the seeds are not washed away. Once the seeds germinated (about 2 weeks) and the first leaves have developed, the film can be removed. At a size of about 3 cm, the plantlets are then placed into individual pots. You will receive a myriad of small plants when all Seeds of a fruit are used. The kiwifruit is a dioecious plant. This means that only male flowers on one plant and the other only female flowers. To fruit, both sexes are needed, then take with only the female plants bearing fruit. Why is it the usual way a male plant to 7 females.

There is the possibility to refine a kiwi and both sexes on one plant have. for details and explanation with images it here>>

substrate:

Well aerated soil unit is not a problem for the Kiwi.

Watering: Use it

lime-free water. The best rain water. In the summer they have to pour strong, as much water is needed.

fertilizing:

you can use mineral-and organic fertilizer. He was administered weekly during the growth phase be.

Thus, the Kiwi is comfortable with plenty of fruit and a climbing frame is necessary.

fruiting / harvesting:

The flowers come in spring to light and must be dusted with a brush under glass. The fruits ripen in late autumn, are 4-8cm long, oblong oval, hairy, and have a green flesh into which the black seeds are embedded. The seeds are edible. The fruits can be stored at about 0 ° C for over 6 months. This allows year-round transportation to all parts of the world. With us the fruits ripen in late autumn. The fruit production begins after 4 years. After 7 years in cultivation in climatic areas favored with about 1,000 fruit per plant can be expected.

The small seeds of kiwifruit are suitable for cultivation. It can be seen all the seeds of a fruit you get a huge amount of young plants.

fruit use:

use to find the fresh fruit in particular, but also for preserves, jam, juice and sweets. They are rich in folic acid, vitamin E and have a high vitamin C - content.

The Kiwi is usually spooned. There should be no obstacle to enjoy the kiwi washed with the shell. It contains no toxins. You can safely eat like an apple. The hair to remove something, they can rub the fruit before anything. Kiwis are still hard, you can put them to apples and bananas, they will soften.

genus Info:

The genus includes about 60 species, with virtually all climbing plants. In addition, all representatives are dioecious. The fruits vary in shape, hair, color, taste and size.

Actinidia deliciosa	A. deliciosa and A. chinensis are very similar. Until about 1985 they were counted as one species. Commercially hauptlächlich fruit of A. deliciosa are available. In the out New Zealand imported kiwifruit (Zespri ™) is it's definitely A. deliciosa 'Hayward'. A. deliciosa is hairy than A. chinensis .
Actinidia chinensis 'Hort16A'	as Kiwi gold available. Fig-like shape, smooth skin, bright golden-yellow flesh and sweet taste.
Actinidia arguta	Returns relatively small fruits (1-2cm long), but these are excellent flavor. In addition, the plant is resistant to frost (-30 ° C). Numerous varieties such as 'Weiki', 'Nostino', 'Ambrosia', 'Maki' are available. Colloquially A. arguta as Weiki, Bayern-Kiwi, Kiwi small-fruited, honey berry, Kokuwa, Minikiwi is ... known.
Actinidia kolomikta	Note the white, later pink colored top portion of the leaves. These leaf coloration is mainly found in males. For this reason, are primarily male plants in the trade. The fruits are black and blue and edible.
other types	A. rufa, A. latifolia, A. guilinensis, A. melanandra, A. indochinensis, A. fulvicoma, A. setosa, A. glaucophylla, A. chrysantha, A. macro cum A. eriantha

flowering of Actinidia arguta

adolescent fruit of Actinidia arguta

Links:

genus Actinidia		homepage genus Actinidia with many different species. Interesting photos of Fruchtvielfallt of the species. (English)
Actinidia arguta		Actinidia arguta : The 'Weiki' or 'Bayern-Kiwi "

Text: Dominik re